Famous Chapter 9 Bankruptcies
A San Jose bankruptcy attorney comments on a famous Chapter 9 bankruptcy involving Orange County.
One of the most famous Chapter 9 bankruptcies in the U.S. occurred on December 6, 1994 in Orange County, California. It was the largest county ever to declare Chapter 9 bankruptcy. The county suffered losses of about $1.6 billion in wrong-way bets on interest rates in one of its investment pools. This pool was supposed to be a profitable way to manage the county's cash. Instead of helping the community prosper, it pulled them into financial failure.
In 1994, Robert Citron was the county's Treasurer. During the early 90's, interest rates were very low. This made the investment pool an attractive idea due to its good rate of return. These types of good returns were much riskier than similar cash management pools. Citron controlled the $7.5 billion pool. He had riskily invested the pool's funds into interest linked securities. His strategy depended on short term interest rates remaining low. Unfortunately, the Federal Reserve Bank raised interest rates in February 1994. This caused the Orange County investment pool to dramatically decrease. Citron ignored the shift in interest rates, therefore sending Orange County into financial distress.
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